Caldera

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Landsat image of Lake Toba, on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. A resurgent dome formed the island of Samosir. (100 km/62 mi long and 30 km/19 mi wide, a caldera of the world's largest class)

A caldera is a cauldron-like volcanic feature usually formed by the collapse of land following a volcanic eruption. They are sometimes confused with volcanic craters. The word comes from Spanish caldera, and this from Latin CALDARIA, meaning "cooking pot." In some texts the English term cauldron is also used.

• See also: Wikipedia, Commons

• Related: Complex volcano, Somma volcano, Supervolcano, Volcanic Explosivity Index

USGS page on calderas USGS page on calderas volcanoes.usgs.gov/images/pglossary/caldera.php - Web

List of Caldera Volcanoes List of Caldera Volcanoes volcanodb.com/search.php?type=Caldera - Web

Collection of references on collapse calderas Collection of references on collapse calderas web.archive.org/.../Edited-list-publications_calderas-71206.pdf - Web

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The Caldera of the Tweed Volcano - Australia The Caldera of the Tweed Volcano - Australia www.bigvolcano.com.au/natural/wollum.htm - Web

Largest Explosive Eruptions: New results for the 2... Largest Explosive Eruptions: New results for the 27.8 Ma Fish Canyon Tuff and the La Garita caldera, San Juan volcanic field, Colorado web.archive.org/.../lagarita.html - Web

Supervolcanoes Supervolcanoes www.bbc.co.uk/science/horizon/1999/supervolcanoes_script.shtml - Web

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