Pontifex Maximus
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The Pontifex Maximus (Latin, literally: "greatest pontiff") was the high priest of the College of Pontiffs (Collegium Pontificum) in ancient Rome. This was the most important position in the ancient Roman religion, open only to patricians until 254 BC, when a plebeian first occupied this post. A distinctly religious office under the early Roman Republic, it gradually became politicized until, beginning with Augustus, it was subsumed into the Imperial office. Its last use with reference to the emperors is in inscriptions of Gratian (reigned 375–383) who, however, then decided to omit the words "pontifex maximus" from his title."Gratian." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 3 Feb. 2008 <http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9037772>.</ref>
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article Pontifex in Smith's Dictionary of Greek an... article Pontifex in Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities penelope.uchicago.edu/.../Pontifex.html - Web |
List from republican times List from republican times www.hostkingdom.net/rome.html#Pontifex - Web |
Annotated Pontifex Maximus list Annotated Pontifex Maximus list www.unrv.com/culture/pontifex-maximus-list.php - Web |
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Catholic Encyclopedia: Catholic Encyclopedia: www.newadvent.org/cathen/12260a.htm#V - Web |