Astaxanthin
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 Pandalus borealis (Arctic shrimp) is colored by astaxanthin, and is used commercially as an astaxanthin source. |
Astaxanthin () is a carotenoid. It belongs to a larger class of phytochemicals known as terpenes, which are built from five carbon precursors; isopentenyl diphosphate (or IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (or DMAPP). Astaxanthin is classified as a xanthophyll (originally derived from a word meaning "yellow leaves" since yellow plant leaf pigments were the first recognized of the xanthophyll family of carotenoids), but currently employed to describe carotenoid compounds that have oxygen-containing moities, hydroxyl (OH) or ketone (=0), such as zeaxanthin and canthaxanthin. Indeed, astaxanthin is a metabolite of zeaxanthin and/or canthaxanthin, containing both hydroxyl and ketone functional groups. Like many carotenoids, astaxanthin is a colorful, lipid-soluble pigment. This colour is due to the extended chain of conjugated (alternating double and single) double bonds at the centre of the compound. This chain of conjugated double bonds is also responsible for the antioxidant function of astaxanthin (as well as other carotenoids) as it results in a region of decentralized electrons that can be donated to reduce a reactive oxidizing molecule.
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| Astaxanthin — Frequently Asked Questions Astaxanthin — Frequently Asked Questions www.beta-glucan-info.com/astaxanthin-questions-answers.htm - Web |
| Articles on Astaxanthin Articles on Astaxanthin www.algatech.com/astax2.htm - Web |
| Development of microalgal pigments for aquaculture Development of microalgal pigments for aquaculture www.biomatnet.org/secure/Fair/R1518.htm - Web |
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| Study of the expression of carotenoid biosynthesis... Study of the expression of carotenoid biosynthesis genes in wild-type and deregulated strains of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (Ex.: Phaffia rhodozyma). www.scielo.cl/.../scielo.php?pid=S0716-97602004000100009&script=sci_arttext - Web |
| The Effects of Three Carotenoid Sources on Growth ... The Effects of Three Carotenoid Sources on Growth and Pigmentation of Juvenile Freshwater Crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus www.agri.gov.il/AnimalScience/Aquaculture/Rep-Harpaz2.html - Web |
| Astaxanthin for aquaculture Astaxanthin for aquaculture www.dsm.com/en_US/html/dnpus/an_carot_caro_pink1985.htm - Web |
| Aquasta: Naturally-sourced astaxanthin from Phaffi... Aquasta: Naturally-sourced astaxanthin from Phaffia Yeast www.naturxan.com/products/aquasta.html - Web |
