Photosynthesis
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 Composite image showing the global distribution of photosynthesis, including both oceanic phytoplankton and terrestrial vegetation |
Photosynthesis (; from the Greek [photo-], "light," and [synthesis], "putting together", "composition") is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert the light energy captured from the sun into chemical energy that can be used to fuel the organism's activities. Photosynthesis occurs in plants, algae, and many species of bacteria, but not in archaea. Photosynthetic organisms are called photoautotrophs, since they can create their own food. In plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and water, releasing oxygen as a waste product. Photosynthesis is vital for all aerobic life on Earth. In addition to maintaining normal levels of oxygen in the atmosphere, photosynthesis is the source of energy for nearly all life on earth, either directly, through primary production, or indirectly, as the ultimate source of the energy in their food, the exceptions being chemoautotrophs that live in rocks or around deep sea hydrothermal vents. The average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is immense, approximately 130 terawatts,</ref></ref> which is about six times larger than the power consumption of human civilization. As well as energy, photosynthesis is also the source of the carbon in all the organic compounds within organisms' bodies. In all, photosynthetic organisms convert around 100-115 thousand million metric tons (i.e., 100–115 petagrams) of carbon into biomass per year.
- Related: Jan Anderson (scientist), Artificial photosynthesis, Calvin-Benson cycle, Carbon fixation, Cellular respiration, Chemosynthesis, Light-dependent reaction, Photobiology, Photoinhibition, Photosystem, Photosystem I, Photosystem II, Photosynthetic reaction center, Quantum biology, Red edge, Vitamin D
| A collection of photosynthesis pages for all level... A collection of photosynthesis pages for all levels from a renowned expert (Govindjee) www.life.uiuc.edu/govindjee/linksPSed.htm - Web |
| In depth, advanced treatment of photosynthesis, al... In depth, advanced treatment of photosynthesis, also from Govindjee www.life.uiuc.edu/govindjee/paper/gov.html - Web |
| Science Aid: Photosynthesis Science Aid: Photosynthesis scienceaid.co.uk/biology/biochemistry/photosynthesis.html - Web |
Gallery for «Photosynthesis»
- Measuring photosynthetic efficiency using an LCpro-SD.jpg
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| Metabolism, Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesi... Metabolism, Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis – The Virtual Library of Biochemistry and Cell Biology www.biochemweb.org/metabolism.shtml - Web |
| Overall examination of Photosynthesis at an interm... Overall examination of Photosynthesis at an intermediate level www.chemsoc.org/networks/learnnet/cfb/Photosynthesis.htm - Web |
| Overall Energetics of Photosynthesis Overall Energetics of Photosynthesis www.life.uiuc.edu/govindjee/photosynBook.html - Web |
| Photosynthesis Discovery Milestones Photosynthesis Discovery Milestones www.juliantrubin.com/bigten/photosynthesisexperiments.html - Web |
| The source of oxygen produced by photosynthesis The source of oxygen produced by photosynthesis bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp08/0802001.html - Web |
| Photosynthesis – Light Dependent & Light Independe... Photosynthesis – Light Dependent & Light Independent Stages www.biology-innovation.co.uk/.../ - Web |
| Khan Academy, video introduction Khan Academy, video introduction www.khanacademy.org/video/photosynthesis?playlist=Biology - Web |
