Quartz crystal microbalance

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Photograph of typical quartz crystal resonators as used for QCM, metallised with gold electrodes (left: front electrode, right: back electrode) by vapor deposition.

A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measures a mass per unit area by measuring the change in frequency of a quartz crystal resonator. The resonance is disturbed by the addition or removal of a small mass due to oxide growth/decay or film deposition at the surface of the acoustic resonator. The QCM can be used under vacuum, in gas phase ("gas sensor", first use described by King) and more recently in liquid environments. It is useful for monitoring the rate of deposition in thin film deposition systems under vacuum. In liquid, it is highly effective at determining the affinity of molecules (proteins, in particular) to surfaces functionalized with recognition sites. Larger entities such as viruses or polymers are investigated, as well. QCM has also been used to investigate interactions between biomolecules. Frequency measurements are easily made to high precision (discussed below); hence, it is easy to measure mass densities down to a level of below 1 μg/cm². In addition to measuring the frequency, the dissipation is often measured to help analysis. The dissipation is a parameter quantifying the damping in the system, and is related to the sample's viscoelastic properties. The dissipation is equal to the ratio of bandwidth, w, (see below) and frequency, f.

• See also: Wikipedia

• Related: Sauerbrey equation, Weighing scale, Piezoelectricity, Thin-film thickness monitor, QCM-D

Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation monit... Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation monitoring www.yb.gmm.gu.se/method.php?ID=3 - Web

What is QCM? What is QCM? www.pharmaceutical-int.com/.../quartz-crystal-microbalance-qcm.asp - Web

Quartz crystal microbalance Quartz crystal microbalance www.inano.dk/.../ - Web

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Quartz crystal microbalance for vacuum application... Quartz crystal microbalance for vacuum applications (HV and UHV) to monitor thin film growth www.tectra-gmbh.com/qmb.htm - Web

Tutorial on modelling the behavior of the QCM Tutorial on modelling the behavior of the QCM www.pc.tu-clausthal.de/.../ - Web

QCM mini-FAQ QCM mini-FAQ sites.google.com/site/christopher3reed/qcmfaq - Web

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