Steel
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Steel is an alloy made by combining iron and other elements, the most common of these being carbon. When carbon is used, its content in the steel is between 0.2% and 2.1% by weight, depending on the grade. Other alloying elements sometimes used are manganese, chromium, vanadium and tungsten. Carbon and other elements act as a hardening agent, preventing dislocations in the iron atom crystal lattice from sliding past one another. Varying the amount of alloying elements and the form of their presence in the steel (solute elements, precipitated phase) controls qualities such as the hardness, ductility, and tensile strength of the resulting steel. Steel with increased carbon content can be made harder and stronger than iron, but such steel is also less ductile than iron.
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- Related: Global steel industry trends, Iron in folklore, Knife metal, Machinability, Pelletizing, Rolling mill, Rust Belt, Second industrial revolution, Silicon steel, Steel abrasive, Steel mill, Tamahagane
| World Steel Association (worldsteel) World Steel Association (worldsteel) www.worldsteel.org - Web |
| steeluniversity.org: Online steel education resour... steeluniversity.org: Online steel education resources from worldsteel and the University of Liverpool steeluniversity.org - Web |
| Huge archive on steels, Cambridge University Huge archive on steels, Cambridge University www.msm.cam.ac.uk/phase-trans/2005/Fealloys.html - Web |
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