Senate of the Roman Republic
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The Senate of the Roman Republic was a political institution in the ancient Roman Republic. It was not an elected body, but one whose members were appointed by the consuls, and later by the censors. After a Roman magistrate served his term in office, it usually was followed with automatic appointment to the Senate. According to the Greek historian Polybius, our principal source on the Constitution of the Roman Republic, the Roman Senate was the predominant branch of government. Polybius noted that it was the consuls (the highest-ranking of the regular magistrates) who led the armies and the civil government in Rome, and it was the Roman assemblies which had the ultimate authority over elections, legislation, and criminal trials. However, since the Senate controlled money, administration, and the details of foreign policy, it had the most control over day-to-day life. The power and authority of the Senate derived from precedent, the high caliber and prestige of the senators, and the Senate's unbroken lineage, which dated back to the founding of the Republic in 509 BC.
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- Related: Byzantine Senate, Roman Law, Centuria, Curia, Quaestor, Aedile, Plebeian Council, Cursus honorum, Pontifex Maximus, Interrex, Acta Senatus
| Cicero's De Re Publica, Book Two Cicero's De Re Publica, Book Two oll.libertyfund.org/.../?option=com_staticxt&staticfile=show.php%3Ftitle=546&chapter=83299&layout=html&Itemid=27 - Web |
| Rome at the End of the Punic Wars: An Analysis of ... Rome at the End of the Punic Wars: An Analysis of the Roman Government; by Polybius www.fordham.edu/HALSALL/ANCIENT/polybius6.html - Web |
| Considerations on the Causes of the Greatness of t... Considerations on the Causes of the Greatness of the Romans and their Decline, by Montesquieu mailer.fsu.edu/~njumonvi/montesquieu_romans.htm - Web |
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| The Roman Constitution to the Time of Cicero The Roman Constitution to the Time of Cicero www.uah.edu/.../romancon.html - Web |
| What a Terrorist Incident in Ancient Rome Can Teac... What a Terrorist Incident in Ancient Rome Can Teach Us www.nytimes.com/.../30harris.html?_r=1&oref=slogin - Web |
